With the growing impacts of climate change existing threats to safety and resilience are being significantly exacerbated, tremendously increasing the vulnerability of those already at risk. Areas of particular concern include communities with vulnerable livelihoods, food and environmental insecurity. ERS has been in forefront in promoting Climate-Smart Agriculture (CSA) in our areas of operation as an integrated approach to managing landscapes—cropland, livestock and fisheries–that address the interlinked challenges of food security and climate change. Besides we promote establishment and management of tree nurseries and promoting sustainable agroforestry. Agroforestry practices integrate diverse trees or shrubs with crops and livestock. In particular, pastures with trees can sequester five to 10 times more carbon than treeless areas of the same size. Farmers can also be more productive by growing crops and raising livestock simultaneously using significantly less land. Diversifying crops and including livestock on these lands can give farmers additional sources of income and reduce the risks to livelihoods caused by climate change and unpredictable weather.